Definition and Examples of Denominal Nouns

A denominal  noun  is a noun that is formed from another noun, usually by adding a suffix--such as villager (from village), New Yorker (from New York), booklet (from book), limeade (from lime), lectureship (from lecture), and librarian (from library). Many denominal nouns are context sensitive (see Contextual Constructions, below). Examples and Observations Nouns like Nixonite, bicycler, and saxophonist are formed from concrete nouns like Nixon, bicycle, and saxophone by derivation. There is a plethora of idiomatic cases of this sort in English, but what innovative examples mean can vary enormously from one occasion to the next, depending on certain cooperative measures between the speaker and addressees. Each has an unlimited number of possible meanings, or so it appears. Denominal nouns, then, although they have stricter requirements than, say, possessives or compound nouns, are also contextual expressions. (Herbert H. Clark, Arenas of Language Use. Univ. of Chicago Press, 1992)The fact that a denominal noun is not the result of a direct derivation from the action itself may explain the difficulties in interpreting denominal formations. The meaning of denominal nouns may not be directly related to the action performed by the referent... (Alexander Haselow, Typological Changes in the Lexicon: Analytic Tendencies in English Noun Formati on. Walter de Gruyter, 2011) Contextual Constructions Contextual constructions arent merely ambiguous, having a small fixed set of conventional meanings. They have in principle an infinity of potential non-conventional interpretations, each built around a conventional meaning of the word or words it is derived from...  Contextual constructions rely on an appeal to context--to the participants common ground. They always require non-conventional coordination for their interpretation. (Herbert H. Clark, Using Language. Cambridge University Press, 1996) Deverbals and Denominals: Nouns Formed With the Suffix -ant Let us turn to the deverbal person noun forming affix -ant (defendant), which denotes a personal or material agent. . . . [P]ossible verbal bases involve those ending in -ify, -ize, -ate, and -en. A look at Lehnert (1971) and the OED shows that, almost without exception . . ., these verbs are subject to the domain of agentive noun forming -er/or. The rival suffix -ant has a somewhat peculiar distribution, since its attachment is partly lexically governed (i.e. unproductive) and partly rule-governed and productive. In the semantically distinguishable domains of medical/pharmaceutical/chemo-technical and legal/corporate jargon, -ant can be used productively to form words denoting substances and persons, respectively, as evidenced by the following examples disinfectant, repellant, consultant, accountant, defendant, to mention only a few. (Ingo Plag, Morphological Productivity: Structural Constraints in English Derivation. Mouton de Gruyter, 1999) Related Reading AffixAffixationAnthimeriaContextConversion Denominal Adjective  and  Denominal Verb DerivationNeologismNominalizationVerbingWord Formation

Example Of Departmental Culture - 1298 Words

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate my understanding of departmental culture by providing an analysis of its applied concepts through the lens of personal experience as an employee of the Alameda County Office of Education (ACOE). ACOE is a government agency responsible for providing three distinct services to the 18 school districts in Alameda County: 1) to design and deliver professional development and business-related services based on the individual needs of each district, 2) operates as a school district for the juvenile court school system, providing direct services to the county’s most vulnerable and at-risk youth and 3) provides oversight to the 18 school districts as outlined in the Education Code mandated by the†¦show more content†¦My current job title is classified as a program specialist with a focus on communication systems strategies. I am responsible for directly supporting the Department of Integrated Learning’s communication efforts w hich entail leading social media planning and implementation work and furthermore, the visualization of data collected from individual participants who attended one or more of our professional learning services offered. In the ten years, I have been with ACOE, I have experienced the leadership of two Superintendents of school and a gradual organizational and departmental culture shift as we adapt to the vision brought with new leadership in addition to responding to the needs of our constituencies. Regional Cultures According to Barsoux, Schneider, Stahl, regional cultures develop when differences within localities both on regional and national level evolve due to geography, history, politics, economics, languages and religion among other factors (pg. 65). â€Å"Within countries, it is sometimes the east-west divide that is important, leading to cultural difference between, for example, New York and California† (pg. 65). In looking at the concept of regional cultures through the lens of departmental culture, it is evident that regional cultural within ACOE exists between its four main divisions and departments within each division. For example: The Learning and Accountability Division has multiple departments underneath is organizational structure,Show MoreRelatedSwot and Macro Environmental Analysis of Nordstrom1664 Words   |  7 Pagesa new store in 1923. Nordstrom a promising and upcoming departmental store in U.S has shown phenomenal growth in the business of retail chain business. The credit for this would go to the founder and promoter’s philosophy of inverting the pyramid and putting the customer on the top, followed by employees and it was the share holders who were accorded the last place in the priority list of company. Nordstrom working as departmental store in the retail industry would be effected by all the forcesRead MoreCase Briefing-AirTex Aviation and Inland Steel Company780 Words   |  4 Pagesdepartments; 2) Profit centers identified revenues and expenses, which were communicated to the profit center manager; 3) Departmental managers were accounted for their profit centers, and would receive a bonus for their performance; 4) The profit center managers have their own authority. For example, they could price their products or services, they could also do what is best for their departmental interests, they could buy needed capital equipment and operating supplies within established purchase order limitsRead MoreStrategic Goals And Tactical Goals Essay1293 Words   |  6 Pagestactical goals can organizations create strategic communication. Strategic goals within organizations, let leaders set goals for overall objectives for their organization; therefore, communication organization goals. While tactical goals achieve departmental objectives in the context of overall strategic goals. One of the utmost important direction is leadership to employee communication. Strategic Planning Tools Strategic goals should link into their organization mission or vision statement; thereforeRead MoreTanglewood1115 Words   |  5 Pageswithin the organization to the department manager level are typically viewed by other employees as very qualified and integrated into the corporate culture and mission of Tanglewood (41).† Tanglewood has to work on the view seeing external employees as outsiders to the organization, transition them and incorporate them into the values, mission and culture of the company. With the proper KSAO’s already in place, Tanglewood need to standardized its staffing process so that each store follow the sameRead MoreCriminal Justice Organizational Effectiveness Essay1084 Words   |  5 Pagesenforcement department, departmental organizational effectiveness must also be considered when determining overall health of the US CJ system. In order to efficiently deliver the public’s expectations of protection and safety, the development of the C J system encompasses decision makers from all level of government including legislative body members. However, the effectiveness of the criminal justice organization is highly dependent on federal, state, and local departmental interactions. OrganizationalRead More3HRC Activity 21052 Words   |  5 Pagesthe management in getting the best out of the candidates. Learning and Development Offering continuous learning and development can lead to growth of the individual staff and the organisation as a whole. Human resources are key in promoting the culture of learning and development throughout the organisation. We provide expertise in identifying training needs and development opportunities. Appraisals and performance management In order to maintain a productive workforce you must have colleagueRead MoreWhat Is 3m Corporation?1176 Words   |  5 Pagesthe same. But for 3M, perseverance mattered even more. The multiple crises that rocked 3M a century ago could have easily destroyed a young company in the 21st century. Innovative companies provide forums for employees to pursue opportunities. For example, 3M Corporation. This company was awarded the US government’s highest award for innovation, the National Medal of Technology. Over a 20-year period, 3M’s gross margin averaged 51% and the company’s return on assets averaged 29%. 3M has consistentlyRead MorePluto Telecommunication1312 Words   |  6 Pagestraining being given either to Sales or Customer Services. For example, one customer account manager had been asked by a customer about Pluto s new combined email, fax, telephone and answering machine. The manager knew nothing about the product and subsequently it took her nearly 3 weeks to locate the relevant information and brochures from the Marketing department. Right then, gentlemen, Veronica announced to the three departmental heads. Why is it that Service aren t passing leads they pickRead MoreGoal Setting Theory: Motivation, Stress, and Communication1278 Words   |  5 Pagescomplaints and enquiries handling, reviewing the organizations financial statements, facilitating resolution of issues together with other officials, formulating and implementing the companys rules and regulations, and monitoring performance of departmental offices within the organization. An operations manager participates in the formulation and implementation of strategies adopted within the business organization. Though every employee post constitutes a job description prior to employment, everyRead MoreCorporate Culture Into Talent Management1656 Words   |  7 Pagesarticulating one company that has been excellent in aligning human capital with strategy is GE. T-Mobile can find an excellent example of GE’s six principles identified as the key to thei r success. These include: Aligning recruiting efforts with strategy; making sure the company’s talent management practices fit with each other; making deliberate effort to embed corporate culture into talent management processes such as hiring methods and leadership development; getting involvement by managers at all

Another Day on the Ice free essay sample

It was just another Bruins game that my dad had gotten tickets for against the Montreal Canadians. It was an important game and every time I watch or hear hockey being mentioned throughout the day, I recall a memory. From the moment the puck dropped, the memory in my mind popped up like usual. These memories that pop up are called flashbacks. Whether we like it or not, these flashbacks happen all the time in our lives every day of our lives. Flashbacks for me occur a lot throughout the day when something I see reminds me of that terrible day. Sitting at this Bruins game watching them go up and down the ice, brought up this memory. When I woke up that day, everything was normal. I did my stretches, ate a pasta meal, drank 3 glasses of water, taped up my stick and kicked the soccer ball around. It was an important day; I had a big hockey game that determined if we would make the playoffs. We will write a custom essay sample on Another Day on the Ice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Heading to the rink, all my dad said to me was to, â€Å"keep my head up† in case of any hits coming my way because I have had multiple concussions before. In the locker room, everything felt the same kids were packing lips. Nothing had changed, and my game plan was to go out there and play how I play every other game of the season. Warm ups came and went, and before I knew it the game was starting. Hearing the blades chew up that fresh sheet of ice made me anxious to get out there and play. My turn to get out on the ice, I hop the boards and I can feel my flow flop with the wind from the rink as I skate up to my goalie. I receive the puck pass it to the left wing and head into the opponent’s zone. I go to the hash marks on the right side of the ice and put a shot on goal which found its way into the net. All the excitement got my heart pounding and I could hear a roar from the crowd because I scored only two minutes into the game. We won the faceoff and dumped the puc k into the opponent’s zone. I went down to get the puck facing the boards and before I knew it there was a loud crack and I was out. I woke up with the sound of an ambulance spinning my mind going on and on. My first instinct I had was to move my legs, and I couldn’t. I tried to turn my neck, and I couldn’t. What once was a really good day just turned into a really bad one. My mother was sitting next to me holding my hands everything I saw was a blur. All I could hear the EMT saying was, â€Å"he may be paralyzed.† I could not talk because my mouth was strapped up. I felt like a pitbull with a muzzle on. I passed out for a second time and when I woke up, my family was surrounding me in the hospital room. The first thing I was told to do was to move my legs and when I finally could it was the happiest I have ever been in my life. I could not move my neck because of the massive, hideous neck brace I was sporting. I did not remember a thing that happened so when I asked my dad what did he said, â€Å"You got hit from behind face-first into the boards. Your helmet cracked in half because of how hard you were hit.† Shortly after the doctor came in with x-rays and said I had a fractured vertebrae and a third degree concussion (the worst is fourth). Hours went by and I was cleared to go home and recover. Every time I would get up from a chair, the world would start spinning and I would throw up along with a really bad headache. When I got home it felt like I hadn’t been there in ages, the day went by so slow and I had received news that we won the game and but I was mad because I was out for the rest of the year. My jersey was ripped in half by the EMT’s and it was sitting on my bed at home. With all my anger came a lot of happiness because things could’ve have been a lot worse and I could’ve ended up paralyzed. It was a miracle and I will never forget that day. I was definitely a miracle on ice. By the time this flashback ended the third period was ready to begin. I went through the whole first two periods of an extreme rivalry without paying attention just so I could recall this memory. Every time I recall this time in my life it sends chills down my spine. When this finally cleared my mind, I could go and watch the third period peacefully.

What Is Politics Essay Example For Students

What Is Politics Essay Frank Sinatra once said, Youre riding high in April, shot down in May. But I know Im gonna change that tune, when Im back on top, back on top in June.Does the epitome of individualism lie in the lyrics of a Las Vegas singer? Is this really how far we must look to find the principles on which this country was created? Unfortunately, this is the case. Social programs implemented by the Federal Government have produced a nation of sniveling crybabies. The concept of rugged individualism has been replaced by the doctrine of victimization. Consequently, we find ourselves entrenched in a constant battle to save our nation from imminent disaster. Social and moral deterioration is attributed to the following: the media chastising traditional views, publicly funded Federal handouts, and the breakdown of family values. We will write a custom essay on What Is Politics specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The median from which the majority of Americans receive their news has one major flaw; its not actually the news. NBC, CBS, and ABC report the news from their perspective. Whatever news they deem important is constructed to parallel the public sentiment. This has an enormous impact on the way we form social priorities, morals, and personal principles. If were told what to think, how do we become independent? For example, when an individual openly proclaims that welfare is harmful, that same individual is called a bigot by the press. It is no longer safe to promote conservative ideals for fear of public ridicule. Our nation has been in a downward spiral ever since The New Deal. The Roosevelt Administration attempted to remedy poverty by throwing money at the poor, free for the asking. Although weve demonstrated for the past fifty years that this method does not work, it is still implemented nevertheless. The Federal Government subsidizes the poor by sending them tax-free checks. Inste ad of encouraging individuals to realize their full potential, the Government labels them as helpless; unable to survive without a bloated Federal Government providing them things. Recent legislation is aimed at helping welfare recipients by aiding their job search. Moving recipients off welfare and into jobs gives them a feeling of self-reliance. This is the key to a happy, successful life. Societys ideals have changed dramatically in recent times. Unfortunately, these changes have a negative impact on the families of America. Single parent households, divorces, and teenage pregnancy is becoming more common. Personal responsibility has long been abandoned. Even common courtesy has been thrown in the background. The absence of a stable family threatens the future of our children. The alarming trends show us that children of broken homes have a greater risk of becoming delinquents than their stable family counterparts. Undoubtedly, our founding fathers would be ashamed of our nations integrity. America was built on core beliefs. The seemingly most important belief is rugged individualism. The founders emphatically stressed the notion that every individual is sovereign, and dependency on Government is political slavery. America can still be saved. Every citizen should feel personal responsible for the welfare of his or her family. In addition, Americans should teach their children to emulate positive role models, rather than the fringe sections of our society. Many people believe that these are extravagant ideals and that we could not afford to upset the current standards. On the other hand, can we afford not to?

Massage Essays (1358 words) - Manual Therapy, Massage Therapy

Massage My discovery of massage therapy's healing powers resulted directly from trying to break a friend's ribs. I was taking my first kickboxing class, and Hugh, a two-year veteran of the sport, encouraged me to try my roundhouse kick on him a bit faster and harder. Who could pass up such an invitation? Crouched down, I swivelled my body and, with venom, kicked the punching bag he was holding. It felt good. Next I went for the kill, and connected so high and fast that I ripped my hip muscles. That was sixteen months ago, and while the muscle tears quickly healed, every time I worked out hard or got stressed out, my thigh and back muscles seized up. About eight months ago my chiropractor, concerned at how often my hip was being pulled out of alignment with my spine, suggested massage therapy for giving the muscles a much needed vacation. The healing effects of touch have been celebrated since they were first documented some 2,000 years ago in the ancient Chinese text The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Internal Medicine. Today massage therapy is one of the most popular forms of unconventional medicine in the United States and massage therapists are licensed in roughly half the states. Specific injuries aside, the greatest cause of muscle aches is everyday emotional stress. What we don't realize is that our tissues have a memory, says Thomas Claire, a trained shiatsu therapist and the author of the massage-therapy book, Bodywork. Our feelings get lodged in our muscles and tissues, and in turn, pain and discomfort result in disharmony in the body and the mind. This conflict can be seen in both the way muscle pain in one part of the body can aggravate surrounding areas and the effects physical imbalance can have on mind and spirit. Massage therapy aims to return the body to balance and promote health and relaxation. There are more than a hundred varieties of massage practiced in the United States, but they can be divided into roughly two main areas. The first is Western, or Swedish, massage, and it targets the body's muscle and tissue structure. The second, Eastern massage, of which shiatsu and reflexology are the best-known branches, focuses on leveling the body's natural energy.. The Swedish School is named for its nineteenth-century Swedish innovator, Per Heinrik Ling, who sought to relieve the pain he suffered from rheumatoid arthritis. Swedish, or traditional, massage works the muscles to promote relaxation through the release of endorphins and enkephalins. Endorphins and enkephalins are the body's natural painkillers, which are released during strenuous exercise and cause runner's high. The recipient lay naked on a padded table and a towel or a sheet covers the person. Only the part of the body being worked on is exposed. The practitioner uses a series of five basic strokes, administered by the fingers, hands, forearms and elbows, with the help of massage oils or creams. Muscles are freed up throughout the body, increasing blood flow and helping the body purge toxins and deliver nutrients to cells and tissues. Today many structural-massage therapists have customized the Swedish method with their own techniques. I visited a massage therapist named Arthur Tobias, who specializes in deep-tissue therapeutic massage. The session began with Tobias warming up my back and leg muscles with light hand massage through a towel. Then he focused on the major muscles in my back and shoulders with long, deep strokes of his forearm. The harder he worked my back muscles, the more I whimpered to myself in pain. I then melted into the table, as tension tingled out of my muscles. Aware of the discomfort in my hip, Tobias worked my lower back, butt and upper right leg, pinpointing the muscles that were contorted rock solid. After a one-hour session, my body felt completely relaxed and rubbery. Unlike Swedish massage, shiatsu focuses on not only the physical makeup of the muscles and tissues but also the body's energy system. Yes, energy system. As bizarre as that sounds to those of us firmly rooted in a Western way of thinking about the body, Asian medicine maintains that a life-force energy governs our health (chi in Chinese, ki in Japanese) that

Mauna Loa reveiled (Volcanic History) essays

Mauna Loa reveiled (Volcanic History) essays The unique landscape of Hawaii mostly originated form volcanoes. Most of the active volcanoes on earth are discovered around the islands of Hawaii. The island of Hawaii is made up of five volcanoes: Kohala, Mauna Kia, Hulalai, Mauna Loa, and Kilawa . Among these, the enormous volcano, Mauna Loa covers the large area of the island. Though this huge volcano erupts less frequently, its past history, recent eruption and for its significance as the largest volcano on our planet made Mauna Loa a center of attention for the world. Being one of the earths most active volcanoes, Mauna Loa has erupted 33 times since 1843. These eruptions have produced lava flows covering 806 km2 of the island of Hawaii. The longest lava flow from the eruption of Mauna Loa was the pa hoe hoe (means ropy or smooth) flow in 1859. This 50 km long lava flow has reached the ocean north of Kiholo Bay on Hawaiis west coast (Fig.1.1) . Another eruption that occurred in 1880-81, has produced a 48 km long pa hoe hoe flows (1). Between 1868 and 1950, five eruptions produced lava flows that have reached the West Coast (Fig.1.1)[2]. One of these eruptions was fissure (crack) eruption started on November 21st, 1935 and ended on January 2nd 1936. Other four eruptions have produced lava flows traveled to the sea in 3 to 48 hours (in less than 3 hours one flow poured into the sea, 15 km away, from the southwest rift zone)[3]. These basaltic, highly fluid lavas caused a great damage to the infrastructure (roadways, buildings etc.) and covered a large area in Hawaii with lava. After the eruption in 1950 Mauna Loa has reawakened in 1975 with a one-day summit (highest point; the top) eruption (2). After that the most recent eruption occurred in 1984. According to the data provided by the scientists of Hawaiian Volcanic Observatory and Mauna Loa Observatory, small earthquakes began at a rate of 2-3 per minute at 10:5...

Essay questions Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Questions - Essay Example Moreover, instead of telling children not to speak or keep quiet (negative framing), she says â€Å"we are working quietly† supporting her words with gesture. Kids immediately react to her words and become quiet. 2. Positive framing in use is better to observe on examples. The phrase ‘‘We’re not going to have another day like yesterday, are we, Jason?† is absolutely inappropriate because it only motivates the boy to do the bad thing again makes the teacher look weak and suspicious (Lemov). It is better to say â€Å"It is nice to work with you, Jason†. The phrase â€Å"Just a minute, Jane. Absolutely no one is giving you their full attention except Dyonte and Beth.† shows that teacher is irritated with the class. It is better to say â€Å"Your attention is highly appreciated now. We all like when other people listen to us carefully.† ‘‘I need the tapping to stop.’’ is better to substitute with â€Å"Let’s stop writing for a while and have a little quiet break†. Also it is better to say â€Å"Please, sit up straight, Jasmine† instead of ‘‘I’ve asked you twice to stop slouching, Jasmine!’’ to show positive attitude and good